We know that we can reduce the base of an exponent modulo m: a(a mod m)k (mod m). But the same is not true of the exponent itself! That is, we cannot write aa mod m (mod m). This is easily seen to be false in general. Consider, for instance, that 210 mod 3 1 but 210 mod 3 mod 3 21 mod 3-2. The correct law for the exponent is more subtle. We will prove it in steps (a)...
(a) Solve the simultaneous congruences p = 1 (mod x – 3), p = 7 (mod x – 5). (b) Find the total number of monic irreducible polynomials of degree 5 in Fr[c]. (c) Find a primitive root modulo 52020. (Make sure to justify your answer.) (d) Determine the total number of primitive roots modulo 52020.
3. The number 2 is a primitive root modulo 19; the powers of 2 modulo 19 are listed below 21 22232425 26 228221212213214215216217 21 2 48 16 13 7 14918 175 36 125 101 Use this table to solve r 7 mod 19.
13. Solve the congruence: 341x = 2941 (mod 9). v Hint First reduce each number modulo 9, which can be done by adding up the digits of the numbers.
Let p be an odd prime. Prove that if g is a primitive root modulo p, then g^(p-1)/2 ≡ -1 (mod p). Let p be an odd prime. Prove that if g is a primitive root modulo p, then go-1)/2 =-1 (mod p) Hint: Use Lemma 2 from Chapter 28 (If p is prime and d(p 1), then cd-1 Ξ 0 (mod p) has exactly d solutions). Let p be an odd prime. Prove that if g is a primitive...
2. For each of the following, find all integers a with 0 S < n, satisfying the following congruences modulo n. (a) 3x5 (mod 7) (b) 3x 5(mod 6) (c) 3x 3(mod 7) (d) 3 3 (mod 6) (e) 2x 3(mod 50) (f) 22r 15(mod 67) (g) 79x 12 (mod 523) 2. For each of the following, find all integers a with 0 S
(b) Find the 2 elements x in Φ(289) such that x2 = 77 (mod 289) (Hint. First solve the congruence modulo 17.)
(b) Let p be a prime that is congruent to 3 modulo 4. Let b ∈ Z. Let a = b (p+1)/4 . Show that a 2 ≡ ±b (mod p). (c) Give an algorithm to compute square roots of something modulo p, when p ≡ 3 (mod 4). Note: Not all things are square modulo p, so the algorithm should return the square root or inform you there is no square.
B3 a. Solve for x in this equation: 2x + 11 = 2 (mod 4). b. What are the sets of units and zero divisors in the ring of integers modulo 22? (Specify at least the smaller set using set-roster notation.) c. Find a formula for the quotient and the exact remainder when 534 is divided by 8. Hint: find the remainder first by modular arithmetic. Then subtract the remainder from the power and divide to find the quotient.
I have first part of question good. Need to prove unique modulo and do not know where to start. Prove that the congruences x-a mod n and x b mod m admit a simultaneous solution if and only if (n, m) | (a -b). Moreover, if a solution exists, then the solution is unique modulo [m, n). Prove that the congruences x-a mod n and x b mod m admit a simultaneous solution if and only if (n, m) |...