Question

CHAPTER 1 Pharmacology: An Introduction score Unit A Answer the following questions. Use one of the suggested links provided on BLACKBOARD (i.e. Drugs.com or PDR) to answer the following questions 1. Describe clearty the mechanism of action for Glipizide. Should Glipizide tablets be given to those suffering from Type 1 diabetes mellitus? 2. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that dilates (widens) blood vessels and improves blood flow. It is used to treat angina and other conditions caused by coronary artery disease. It is also used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). What are the possible side effects of Amlodipine? The bioavailability of levothyroxine varies from 48% to 80% and human studies have confirmed the importance of an intact jejunum and ileum for levothyroxine absorption. After absorption, what serum proteins are known to bind with levothyroxine? How is this drug eliminated?

Answer 1

1. Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic agent.

The primary mechanism of action is to stimulate insulin release from the Pancreatic B cells. This can only be used in patients with some B-cell function.It imprves the early phase of insulin release that is refractory to acute glucose stimulation.

This is not indicated for use in type 1 diabetes patient since this may require some functioning of pancreatic B cells to produce their effect on blood glucose.

2.Amlodipine

belongs to a class of drugs known as calcium channel blockers and is used as an antihypertensive agent. It works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily.

The side effects of amlodipine include:

headache, dizziness, fatigue, edema, bradycardia, hypotension, flushing,swelling (edema),pulmonary edema,palpitation,nausea,abdominal pain,sleeplessness,drowsiness,itching,skin rash,muscle cramps,muscle weakness,male sexual disorder.

Postmarketing side effects of amlodipine reported include:

-Extrapyramidal disorder (muscle spasms, restlessness, muscle rigidity, slow movement, tremor, and jerky movements)

3. It is a hormone, thyroid preparations

The mechanism of action for levothyroxine is to replace or supplement to endogenous thyroid hormones. increase the metabolic rate of body tissue: promote gluconeogenesis, increase utilization and mobilization of glycogen, increase protein synthesis, increase cell growth and differentiation, and aid in the development of the brain and CNS

After absorption, the serum proteins such as thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA), and albumin (TBA)are known to bind with levothyroxine.

This drug are primarily eliminated by the kidneys