Question

Consider a galvanic (voltaic) cell that has the generic metals X and Y as electrodes. If X is more reactive than Y (that is, X more readily reacts to form a cation than Y does), classify the following descriptions by whether they apply to the X or Y electrode.

anode

cathode

electrons in the wire flow toward

electrons in the wire flow away

cations from salt bridge flow toward

anions from salt bridge flow toward

gains mass

loses mass

Thank you so much!

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The problem is based on the concept of voltaic cell. The cell has two generic metals X and Y as electrodes. X is more reactive than Y, that is, it readily reacts to form a cation than Y does.

Fundamentals

Voltaic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It consists of two electrodes: anode, where oxidation takes place and cathode, where reduction takes place. Anode is present in the oxidation half-cell and cathode is present in the reduction half-cell. A salt bridge is present that connects the two half cells of the voltaic cell. The two electrodes are connected by an external circuit which conducts the flow of electrons.

(1)

Electrode X loses electrons. Hence, it acts as anode.

(2)

Electrode Y gains electrons. Hence, it acts as cathode.

(3)

Electrons in the wire flow towards cathode.

(4)

Electrons in the wire flow away from anode.

(5)

Cations from salt bridge flow toward cathode.

(6)

Anions from salt bridge flow toward anode.

(7)

Cathode gains mass.

(8)

Anode loses mass.

Ans: Part 1

X acts as anode.

Part 2

Y acts as cathode.

Part 3

Electrons in the wire flow toward Y

Part 4

Electrons in the wire flow away from X.

Part 5

Cations from salt bridge flow toward Y.

Part 6

Anions from salt bridge flow toward X.

Part 7

Y electrode gains mass.

Part 8

X electrode loses mass.