Question

Give the structures of all the major products in the following reaction. Keep the substituent in the starting structure (the CI and the NH2) in the same positions in your answer. Draw in the NH2 substituent using the "arrow H" key to add hydrogens; do not draw with bonds shown. Check under the COOH tab to add other substituents. If the substituents are present there, use that button and do not draw in the substituent with bonds. To avoid getting problems wrong, always draw the aromatic ring double bonds in the same position as the starting material CI HNO, H,SO NH2

Answer 1

HNO₃/H₂SO₄ is a nitrating agent. Nitration of aromatic compound proceeds via aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction. NO₂⁺ acts as a electrophile. The aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction will be favourable in presence of electron donating group at the aromatic ring.

The reaction mechanism for nitration reaction and the corresponding products formation are shown below.

HNO3 -NH H₂SO4 N02 (64) NO, (electro- -NH2 group is a electron donating group while -a is ebection with drawing group. Thus nitration takes place at ortho and para positions with respect, to the position of - Wty group. HNO3 N A -HT NO2 0 2 504 (1) Mua ( para substituted product ). HNO2 NH2 H₂SO4 (a) NO2 Cartha substin -tnted proscent) NO N02 HNO3 NO H₂SO4 Corto - product) Among these three prodmets, waa) is minor since there is extensive storie hindrance which destabilizes the compound.