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In this experiment, 0.070 g of caffeine is dissolved in 4.0 ml of water. The caffeine...

In this experiment, 0.070 g of caffeine is dissolved in 4.0 ml of water. The caffeine is extracted for the aqueous solution 3 times with 2.0 ml portions of methylene chloride. The methylene chloride extracts are combined and the solvent evaporated resulting in isolated caffeine crystals. Briefly explain why caffeine will prefer the methylene chloride solvent to the water solvent. You need to draw the structures for all three compounds.
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Answer #1

The structures of the 3 compounds are shown below:

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Caffeine and methylene chloride are both polar organic compounds, with dipole-dipole and dispersion forces as their intermolecular bonds.

Water is a polar inorganic compound with strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and also dipole-dipole and dispersion forces.

The caffeine will thus prefer the solvent with the most similar intermolecular bonding, i.e. methylene chloride.

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