Question

What would be the expected growth pattern for the following age groups 6 months b. 1 year: c. 2 years d. 3 years: e. 3-6 years: 3. In your own words, describe each of Erikson's stages of development. a. Trust vs. mistrust: b. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt: c. Initiative vs. guilt: – d. Industry vs. inferiority: e. Identity vs. role confusion:

Answer 1

GROWTH PATTERNS:

LENGTH

6 MONTH 65 cm

9 MONTH 70 cm

1 YEAR 75 cm

2 YEARS 90 cm

4 YEARS 100 cm

After 4 years a child gains approximately 6 cm height every year till 12 years of age.

HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE

6 MONTH 42 - 43 cm

1 YEARS 45 -46 cm

2 YEARS 47 -48 cm

CHEST CIRCUMFERENCE

The CC is 3 cm less than Head circumference at birth and both become equal by 1 year of age and after the CC exceeds the head circumference.

MID ARM CIRCUMFERENCE

At the birth average, MUAC is 9-11 cm in a normal newborn baby

At 1 Year = 12-16 cm

1-5 Year = 16-17 cm

ARM SPAN

Distance between tip f the middle finger of both arms when outstretched

The arm span is 1-2 cm less than the height of children below 6 years.

ERUPTION OF TEETH

8-12 MONTHS CENTRAL INCISORS

9-13 MONTHS LATERAL INCISORS

1-19 MONTHS FIRST MOLAR

16-22 MONTHS CANINES

25-33 MONTHS SECOND MOLARS

6 YEARS FIRST MOLAR

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONE

GROSS MOTOR

6 MONTHS Sits without support

8 MONTHS Roll back to stomach

12 MONTHS Walks alone

16 MONTHS Runs

FINE MOTOR

6 MONTHS Objects transferred from hand to hand

8 MONTHS Thumb finger grasp

12 MONTHS Turns pages of the book

15 MONTHS Build towers of 2 cubes

22 MONTHS Build towers of 6 cubes

COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE

6 MONTHS Monosyllabic words

7 MONTHS Follow one step comment with a gesture

10 MONTHS Say words like MAMA or DADA

ERIKSON'S STAGE OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

TRUST VS MISTRUST: Belief the world is safe and If their needs are met they develope the sense of trust or it will lead to mistrust

AUTONOMY VS SHAME/DOUBT: Toddlers at this stage development is crucial they learn to do things by themselves if encouraged or the doubt there abilities.

INITIATIVE VS GUILT: Preschoolers at this stage learn to lead and be initiative or they feel guilty for there efforts.

INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY: Children learn a new task and be productive or they feel inferior.

IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION: Children develop a sense of self and personal identity have an intense belief in personal values and goals.