The concentration of H2O in the stratosphere is about 5 ppm. It undergoes photodissociation according to:
H2O(g)→H(g) + OH(g)
(a) Write out the Lewis-dot structures for both products and reactant
(b) Using Table, calculate the wavelength required to cause this dissociation.
Table Average Bond Enthalpies(kJ/mol)
Single Bonds | |||||||
C—H | 413 | N—H | 391 | 463 | O—H | F—F | 155 |
C—C | 348 | N—N | 163 | O—O | 146 |
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C—N | 293 | N—O | 201 | O—F | 190 | Cl—F | 253 |
C—O | 358 | N—F | 272 | O—Cl | 203 | Cl—Cl | 242 |
C—F | 485 | N—Cl | 200 | O—l | 234 |
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C—Cl | 328 | N—Br | 243 |
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| Br—F | 237 |
C—Br | 276 |
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| S—H | 339 | Br—Cl | 218 |
C—l | 240 | H—H | 436 | S—F | 327 | Br—Br | 193 |
C—S | 259 | H—F | 567 | S—Cl | 253 |
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| H—Cl | 431 | S—Br | 218 | I—Cl | 208 |
Si—H | 323 | H—Br | 366 | S—S | 266 | I—Br | 175 |
Si—Si | 226 | H—l | 299 |
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| I—l | 151 |
Si—C | 301 |
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Si—O | 368 |
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Si—Cl | 464 |
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Multiple Bonds | |||||||
C═C | 614 | N═N | 418 | O═O | 495 |
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C≡C | 839 | N≡N | 941 |
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C═N | 615 | N═O | 607 | S═O | 523 |
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C≡N | 891 |
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| S═S | 418 |
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C═O | 799 |
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C≡O | 1072 |
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(c) The hydroxyl radicals, OH, can react with ozone, giving the following reactions:
OH (g) + O3(g)→HO2(g) + O2(g)
HO2(g) + O(g)→OH(g) + O2(g)
What overall reaction results from these two elementary reactions? What is the catalyst in the overall reaction? Explain.
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