In 1981 the U.S. government put forth the following plan for automobile manufacturers to reduce emissions from automobiles over the next few years.
Year | |||
| 1981 | 1993 | 2004 |
Hydrocarbons | 0.41 | 0.25 | 0.125 |
CO | 3.4 | 3.4 | 1.7 |
NO | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 |
All values are in grams per mile. An automobile emitting 3.74 lb of CO and 0.37 lb of NO on a journey of 1000 miles would meet the current government requirements.
To remove oxides of nitrogen (assumed to be NO) from automobile exhaust, a scheme has been proposed that uses unburned carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaust to reduce the NO over a solid catalyst, according to the reaction
Experimental data for a particular solid catalyst indicate that the reaction rate can be well represented over a large range of temperatures by
where PN = gas-phase partial pressure of NO
Pc = gas-phase partial pressure of CO
k, K1, K2 = coefficients depending only on temperature
(a) Based on your experience with other such systems, you are asked to propose an adsorption-surface reaction-desorption mechanism that will explain the experimentally observed kinetics.
(b) A certain engineer thinks that it would be desirable to operate with a very large stoichiometric excess of CO to minimize catalytic reactor volume. Do you agree or disagree? Explain.
(c) When this reaction is carried out over a supported Rh catalyst [J. Phys. Chem., 92, 389 (1988)], the reaction mechanism is believed to be
When the ratio of PCO/PNO is small, the rate Jaw that is consistent with the experimental data is
What are the conditions for which the rate law and mechanism are consistent?
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