a. Look at Figure 12.18 on parent–offspring conflict. Explain, in general terms, why the behavior of females should evolve so that mothers start weaning when B/C falls below 1. (Hint: Consider the reproductive success of mothers who wean very early and of mothers who wean very late.)
b. If a mother could have only one litter of young in her lifetime, or if an old mother could expect to produce only one more litter of young, how would the period of weaning conflict change?
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