English as a second language reading ability. Refer to the Bilingual Research Journal (Summer 2006) study of the relationship of Spanish (first-language) grammatical knowledge to English (second-language) reading, presented in Exercise.
English as a second language reading ability. What are the factors that allow a native Spanish-speaking person to understand and read English? A study published in the Bilingual Research Journal (Summer 2006) investigated the relationship of Spanish (first-language) grammatical knowledge to English (second-language) reading. The study involved a sample of n = 55 native Spanish-speaking adults who were students in an English as a second language (ESL) college class. Each student took four standardized exams: Spanish grammar (SG), Spanish reading (SR), English grammar (EG), and English reading (ESLR). Simple linear regression was used to model the ESLR score ( y ) as a function of each of the other exam scores ( x ). The results are summarized in the next table.
Independent variable (x) | p-value for testing H0: β1 = 0 |
SG score | .739 |
SR score | .012 |
ER scor e | .022 |
a. At α = .05, is there sufficient evidence to indicate that ESLR score is linearly related to SG score?
b. At α = .05, is there sufficient evidence to indicate that ESLR score is linearly related to SR score?
c. At α = .05, is there sufficient evidence to indicate that ESLR score is linearly related to ER score?
Recall that three simple linear regressions were used to model the English reading (ESLR) score ( y ) as a function of Spanish grammar (SG), Spanish reading (SR), and English grammar (EG), respectively.
a. If the researchers want to predict the ELSR score ( y ) of a native Spanish-speaking adult who scored 50% in Spanish grammar ( x ), how should they proceed?
b. If the researchers want to estimate the mean ELSR score E ( y ) of all native Spanish-speaking adults who scored 70% in Spanish grammar ( x ), how should they proceed?
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