Following are structural formulas for two local anesthetics used in dentistry. Lidocaine...

Following are structural formulas for two local anesthetics used in dentistry. Lidocaine was introduced in 1948 and is now the most widely used local anesthetic for infiltration and regional anesthesia. Its hydrochloride salt is marketed under the name Xylocaine. Mepivacaine is faster-acting and somewhat longer in duration than lidocaine. Its hydrochloride salt is marketed under the name Carbocaine.

(a) Name the functional groups in each anesthetic. (Chapter 1)

(b) Which of these anesthetics are chiral? (Chapter 6)

(c) Which nitrogen atom in each is the more basic? (Chapter 8)

(d) What similarities in structure do you find between these compounds?