The diagnostic tool used by the professionals of mental health and psychiatrists is the “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition or DSM-5.” As per this tool, the illnesses are categorized into groups based on the symptoms. But, DSM-5 has not included drug abuse substances such as hallucinogens and inhalants and their symptoms of upon “withdrawals from drug abuse”. Although, the licensed practical nurses (LPN) are not directly involved in the diagnosis procedure, they can contribute valuable patient information.
Different psychological tests can be performed by the psychiatrists, social workers, practice nurses and psychologists to interpret the diagnosis. Some of the factors that influence the results of these tests include the tremors of hands, language barriers, age, vision, educational qualifications and the health care provider interpreting results.
Thus, the options (b), (c) and (d) are incorrect.
But, DSM-5 has not included drug abuse substances such as hallucinogens and inhalants and their symptoms of upon “withdrawals from drug abuse”.
Therefore, the correct option is – a. hallucinogens and stimulants.