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Solutions For Admission Assessment Exam Review Chapter B Problem 7RCPT

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Solution 1

Normally, plasma proteins exert differential osmotic pressure on the walls of the blood vessels such as arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins. Most of the plasma contains water and exerts hydrostatic pressure and oncotic pressure within the blood capillaries.

The blood pressure is regulated by chemoreceptors on blood vessels, baroreceptors, and kidneys. This blood pressure is varied with minor changes in oxygen levels in the blood. Kidneys do play a significant role in maintaining blood volume so that, blood pressure is significantly maintained.

The baroreceptors are not rigid and do not innervate with static nerve endings. This is not described in the passage. Blood vessels such as capillaries, arteries, and arterioles contain structural components such as smooth muscle layers, endothelium internally. Tunica media, tunica externa, and tunica interna are associated with lamina propria and basement membrane together to form the wall of the blood vessels structure. This smooth muscle layers and endothelial cells mainly contain adrenoceptors and cholinergic receptors enable to maintain persistent blood pressure (120 (systolic pressure) /80 (diastolic pressure) mm of Hg).

Adrenaline and acetylcholine act on these receptors to maintain constant blood pressure with homeostasis via signal transduction finally produce vasoconstriction and vasodilation respectively.

Thus, the options (a), (c), and (b) are incorrect.

The blood pressure is regulated by chemoreceptors on blood vessels, baroreceptors, and kidneys. This blood pressure is varied with minor changes in oxygen levels in the blood. Kidneys do play a significant role in maintaining blood volume so that, blood pressure is significantly maintained.

Therefore, the correct option is –

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