Problem

Use the PDR®, Section 2, Brand and Generic Name Index, to find another product name for ea...

Use the PDR®, Section 2, Brand and Generic Name Index, to find another product name for each drug listed in the Representative Antineoplastic Drugs table on pages 468–469 of this chapter.

Representative Antineoplastic Drugs
Category, Namea, and Route	Uses and Diseases	Actions	Usual Doseb and Special Instructions	Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Alkylating Drugs
Mechlorethamine (Mustargen) IV	Hodgkin’s disease, lymphosarcoma	Inhibits rapidly growing cells	IV dosage according to body weight, adjusted to highest nontoxic dose; assist patient with oral hygiene; give adequate fluid; follow physician’s orders carefully; note length of time for IV infusion; watch for pain at infusion site	Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, bleeding, bruising, metallic taste
Carmustine (BiCNU) IV	Brain tumor, Hodgkin’s disease, lymphomas, melanoma	Inhibits rapidly growing cells	IV dosage according to surface area, pain at injection site common	Blood and liver problems, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Temozolomide (Temodar) Oral	Brain cancer	Inhibits rapidly growing cells	May be taken orally at home; adjust dose based on neutrophil and platelet counts	Thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, headache, fatigue
Antimetabolites
Fluorouracil 5-Fluorouracil 5-FU (Adrucil) IV, topical	Cancer of the breast, colon, rectum, stomach, pancreas, cervix, and bladder	Inhibits DNA synthesis	IV dosage according to body weight; avoid extravasation(discharge of blood or other substances into tissues)	Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea, weakness, dermatitis
Mercaptopurine (Purinethol) Oral	Leukemias	Inhibits DNA synthesis	Oral dosage according to body weight, adjusted to highest nontoxic dose	Blood and liver problems, anorexia, nausea, vomiting
AntibioticAntitumor
Dactinomycin (Cosmegen) IV	Cancer of the testes and uterus, Wilms’ tumor	Inhibits cell reproduction	IV dosage according to body weight, adjusted to highest nontoxic dose. Drug is corrosive; avoid contact with skin; avoid extravasation	Nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, blood problems, bruising, loss of hair
Epirubicin (Ellence) IV	Breast cancer as an adjunct therapy	Inhibits DNA synthesis	Administer IV slowly over 3 to 5 minutes	Leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia, nausea, vomiting, mucositis, alopecia, amenorrhea
Miscellaneous Antineoplastic Drugs
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) Oral	Cancer of the breast	Acts as estrogen antagonist	10 mg po bid to tid	Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, rash, vaginal discharge, depression, dizziness, hair thinning, or partial loss of hair

aTrade names given in parentheses are examples only. Check current drug references for a complete listing of available products.

bAverage adult doses are given. However, dosages are determined by a physician and vary with the purpose of the therapy and the particular patient. The doses presented here are for general information only.