a. Show that a constant d can be added to (or subtracted from) each xij without affectin...

a. Show that a constant d can be added to (or subtracted from) each x_ij without affecting any of the ANOVA sums of squares.

b. Suppose that each x_ij is multiplied by a nonzero constant

c. How does this affect the ANOVA sums of squares? How does this affect the values of the F statistics F_A and F_B? What effect does “coding” the data by have on the conclusions resulting from the ANOVA procedures?