Meteorological calculations In the mid-latitudes it is sometimes possible to estimate the...

Meteorological calculations In the mid-latitudes it is sometimes possible to estimate the distance between con­secutive regions of low pressure. If ϕ is the latitude (in degrees), R is Earth’s radius (in kilometers), and v is the horizontal wind velocity (in km/hr), then the distance d (in kilometers) from one low pressure area to the next can be estimated using the formula

(a) At a latitude of 48°, Earth’s radius is approximately 6369 kilometers. Approximate d if the wind speed is 45 km/hr.

(b) If v and R are constant, how does d vary as the lati­tude increases?