Efficiency of heat pumps. Consider two different heat pumps used to heat a house. One uses the outside air as the cold reservoir, and the other uses water from underground, (a) Compare their efficiencies when the outside air is at 10°C and at − 10°C. Assume both are reversible heat pumps, (b) Now consider just the heat pump that uses the outside air and suppose it is not an ideal heat pump but instead loses 50% of its input energy (the work done on the heat pump) to friction. At what outdoor temperature does it no longer pay to use this heat pump compared to using electric resistive hearing?
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