In experiments in which atomic nuclei collide, head-on collisions like that described in Problem do happen, but “near misses” are more common Suppose the alpha particle in Problem was not “aimed” at the center of the lead nucleus, but had an initial nonzero angular momentum (with respect to the stationary lead nucleus) of magnitude L = P0b. where p0 is the magnitude of the initial momentum of the alpha particle and b = 1.00 × 10−12 m. What is the distance of closest approach? Repeat for b = 1.00 × 10−13 m and b = 1.00 × 10−14 m.
Problem:
An alpha particle with kinetic energy 11.0 MeV makes a head-on collision with a lead nucleus at rest. What is the distance of closest approach of the two particles? (Assume that the lead nucleus remains stationary and that it may be treated as a point charge. The atomic number of lead is 82. The alpha particle is a helium nucleus, with atomic number 2.)
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