SpecializationThe following argument forms are valid:a. b. These argument forms are used f...

Specialization

The following argument forms are valid:

a.

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b.

These argument forms are used for specializing. When classifying objects according to some property, you often know much more about them than whether they do or do not have that property. When this happens, you discard extraneous information as you concentrate on the particular property of interest.

For instance, suppose you are looking for a person who knows graph algorithms to work with you on a project. You discover that Ana knows both numerical analysis and graph algorithms. You reason as follows:

Ana knows numerical analysis and Ana knows graph algorithms.

∴ (in particular) Ana knows graph algorithms.

Accordingly, you invite her to work with you on your project.