In Canada, each person is assigned a Social Insurance Number (SIN). It is a nine-digit number, and the ninth digit is the check digit. The check digit uses a weighted mod 10 scheme. To calculate the check digit, multiply each digit in an even-numbered position by 2 and add those products, then add that sum to the sum of the digits in the odd-numbered positions. The check digit is the digit required to make the weighted sum congruent to 0 mod 10.
a. Is 245801940 a valid SIN?
b. Find the check digit if the first eight digits of a certain SIN are 90186435.
c. The third digit of a certain Social Insurance Number is difficult to read. Find the missing digit in the number 12?637094.
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