Mark Fletcher, president of SoftGro. Inc., was looking forward to seeing the performance reports for November because he knew the company’s sales for the month had exceeded budget by a considerable margin. SoftGro, a distributor of educational software packages, had been growing steadily for approximately two years. Fletcher’s biggest challenge at this point was to ensure that the company did not lose control of expenses during this growth period. When Fletcher received the November reports, he was dismayed to see the large unfavorable variance in the company’s Monthly Selling Expense Report that follows.
SOFTGRO, INC, Monthly Selling Expense Report For the Month of November | ||||
Annual Budget | November Budget | November Actual | November Variance | |
Unit sales | 2,000,000 | 280,000 | 310,000 | 30.000 |
Dollar sales | $80,000,000 | $11,200,000 | $12,400,000 | $1,200,000 |
Orders processed | 54.000 | 6,500 | 5,800 | (700) |
Sales personnel per month | 90 | 90 | 96 | (6) |
Advertising | $19,800,000 | $ 1,650,000 | $ 1,660,000 | $ 10,000 U |
Staff salaries | 1,500,000 | 125,000 | 125,000 | — |
Sales salaries | 1,296,000 | 108,000 | 115,400 | 7,400 U |
Commissions | 3,200,000 | 448,000 | 496,000 | 48,000 U |
Per diem expense | 1,782,000 | 148,500 | 162,600 | 14,100 U |
Office expenses | 4,080,000 | 340,000 | 358,400 | 18,400 U |
Shipping expenses | 6,750,000 | 902,500 | 976,500 | 74,000 U |
Total expenses | $38,408,000 | $ 3,722,000 | $ 3,893,900 | $ 171,900 U |
Fletcher called in the company’s new controller, Susan Porter, to discuss the implications of the variances reported for November and to plan a strategy for improving performance. Porter suggested that the company’s reporting format might not be giving Fletcher a true picture of the company’s operations. She proposed that SoftGro implement flexible budgeting. Porter offered to redo the Monthly Selling Expense Report for November using flexible budgeting so that Fletcher could compare the two reports and see the advantages of flexible budgeting.
Porter discovered the following information about the behavior of SoftGro’s selling expenses.
• The total compensation paid to the sales force consists of a monthly base salary and a commission; the commission varies with sales dollars.
• Sales office expense is a semivariable cost with the variable portion related to the number of orders processed. The fixed portion of office expense is $3,000,000 annually and is incurred uniformly throughout the year.
• Subsequent to the adoption of the annual budget for the current year, SoftGro decided to open
a new sales territory. As a consequence, approval was given to hire six additional salespeople
effective November 1. Porter decided that these additional six people should be recognized in her revised report.
• Per diem reimbursement to the sales force, while a fixed amount per day, is variable with the number of sales personnel and the number of days spent traveling. SoftGro’s original budget was based on an average sales force of 90 people throughout the year with each salesperson traveling IS days per month.
• The company’s shipping expense is a semivariabie cost with the variable portion. $3.00 per unit. dependent on the number of units sold. The fixed portion is incurred uniformly throughout the year.
Required:
1. Citing the benefits of flexible budgeting, explain why Susan Porter would propose that SoftGro use flexible budgeting in this situation.
2. Prepare a revised Monthly Selling Expense Report for November that would permit Mark Fletcher to more clearly evaluate SoftGro’s control over selling expenses. The report should have a line for each selling expense item showing the appropriate budgeted amount, the actual selling expense, and the monthly dollar variance.
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