Weak Acids (Section)
Citric acid, which is present in citrus fruits, is a triprotic acid (Table). (a) Calculate the pH of a 0.040 M solution of citric acid. (b) Did you have to make any approximations or assumptions in completing your calculations? (c) Is the concentration of citrate ion (C6H5O7 3-) equal to, less than, or greater than the H+ ion concentration?
Table Acid-Dissociation Constants of Some Common Polyprotic Acids
Name | Formula | Ka1 | Ka2 | Ka3 |
Ascorbic | H2C6H6O6 | 8.0 × 10-5 | 1.6 × 10-12 |
|
Carbonic | H2CO3 | 4.3 × 10-7 | 5.6 × 10-11 |
|
Citric | H3C6H5O7 | 7.4 × 10-4 | 1.7 × 10-5 | 4.0 × 10-7 |
Oxalic | HOOC—COOH | 5.9 × 10-2 | 6.4 × 10-5 |
|
Phosphoric | H3PO4 | 7.5 × 10-3 | 6.2 × 10-8 | 4.2 × 10-13 |
Sulfurous | H2SO3 | 1.7 × 10-2 | 6.4 × 10-8 |
|
Sulfuric | H2SO4 | Large | 1.2 × 10-2 |
|
Tartaric | C2H2O2(COOH)2 | 1.0 × 10-3 | 4.6 × 10-5 |
|
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