Problem

Glass is manufactured by cooling a melt to produce a rigid structure without crystallizati...

Glass is manufactured by cooling a melt to produce a rigid structure without crystallization. The binary oxides B2O3 and Si02 are the primary components of borosilicate glass. Possible structural units include B(p-0)4, B(p-0)3, B(Ot)3, Si(p-0)4 and Si(Ot)4 where p-0 and O, are bridging O atoms and terminal O units, respectively, (a) Draw diagrams to show the structures of these units and how they might interconnect where appropriate, paying attention to atomic charges. Comment on the bonding in each unit, (b) Suggest other Si- or B- centred structural units thal might be present in borosilicate glass, (b) Na20 is added to glass as a modifier. Suggest what role it plays when added to a borosilicate glass containing approximately 70% Si02, 14% B2O3, 10% Na20 and 6% A12O3, by weight.

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Solutions For Problems in Chapter 13