Solve the following problems. Use a table to organize the facts of the problem. See Exampl...

Solve the following problems. Use a table to organize the facts of the problem. See Example.

THEATER The play Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare has five acts. The first act has 5 scenes. The second act has 6 scenes. The third and fourth acts each have 5 scenes, and the last act has 3 scenes. In all, how many scenes are there in the play?

Example

Orchestras An orchestra consists of a 19-piece woodwind section, a 23-piece brass section, a 54-piece string section, and a two-person percussion section. In all, how many musicians make up the orchestra?

Analyze We can use a table to organize the facts of the problem.

Form In the last sentence of the problem, the phrase in all indicates addition. We translate the words of the verbal model to numbers and symbols.

Calculate We use vertical form to perform the addition:

State There are 98 musicians in the orchestra.

Check To check the addition, we will add upward.

We could also use estimation to check the result. If we front-end round each addend, we get 20 + 20 + 50 + 2 = 92. Since the answer, 98, and the estimate, 92, are close, the result seems reasonable.