Liquid nitrogen at 77 K is stored in a cylindrical container having an inside diameter of 25 cm. The cylinder is made of stainless steel and has a wall thickness of 1.2 cm. Insulation is to be added to the outside surface of the cylinder to reduce the nitrogen boil-off rate to 25% of its value without insulation. The insulation to be used has a thermal conductivity of 0.13 W/m · K. Energy loss through the top and bottom ends of the cylinder may be presumed negligible.
Neglecting radiation effects, determine the thickness of insulation when the inner surface of the cylinder is at 77 K, the convective heat-transfer coefficient at the insulation surface has a value of 12 W/m2 · K, and the surrounding air is at 25°C.
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