Let R be a ring, and let a be a fixed element of R. Let Ra be the subring of R that is the intersection of all subrings of R containing a (see Exercise 49). The ring Ra is the subring of R generated by a. Show that the abelian group 〈Ra, +〉 is generated (in the sense of Section 7) by {an | n ∊ ℤ+}.
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