Mathematician Karl Gauss suggested planting forests and fields in gigantic geometric fig...

Mathematician Karl Gauss suggested planting forests and fields in gigantic geometric figures as signals to possible Martians that intelligent life exists on Earth. If Martians had telescopes that could resolve details no smaller than 1 arc second, how large would the smallest element of Gauss’s signal have to be for it to be visible at Mars’s closest approach to Earth? (Hint: See Appendix Table A-10, and use the small-angle formula, Chapter 3.)