In the situations described below, what is the free energy change if 1 mole of Na+ is transported across a membrane from a region where the concentration is 1 μM to a region where it is 100 mM? (Assume T = 37 °C)
(a) In the absence of a membrane potential.
(b) When the transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV.
(c) In each case, will hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP suffice to drive the transport of 1 mole of ion, assuming pH 7.4 and the following cytoplamic concentrations: ATP = 4.60 mM, Pi = 5.10 mM, ADP = 310μM?
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