Assuming that each atom of copper contributes one free electron and that the low frequency conductivity σ is about 6 ×107 mhos/meter, show that ν ≈ 4 × 10 13 s –1. Using this value of ν, show that the conductivity is almost real for ω < 10 11 s –1. For ω = 10 8 s–1 calculate the complex dielectric constant and compare its value with the one obtained for infra-red frequencies.
It may be noted that for small frequencies, only one of the electrons of a copper atom can be considered to be free. On the other hand, for X-ray frequencies all the electrons may be assumed to be free (see Problems 7.10, 7.11 and 7.12). Discuss the validity of the above argument.
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