For the following systems, state whether you think a terminating or nonterminating simulation would be more appropriate. In the terminating cases, state the terminating event E. In the nonterminating cases, would the parameter of interest be a steady-state parameter or a steady-state cycle parameter?
(a) Consider a telephone system for which an arriving call may experience a delay before obtaining a line. Suppose that the goal is to estimate the mean delay of the 100th arriving call, E(D100).
(b) Consider a military inventory system (see Sec. 1.5) during peacetime, which is assumed to have a long duration. Assume that system parameters (e.g., the inter-demand time distribution) do not change over time and we are interested in the output process C1, C2, …, where Ci is the total cost in the ith month. Suppose further that we want a measure of mean cost.
(c) Consider a manufacturing system for food products. A production schedule is issued, the system produces product for 13 days, and then the system is completely cleaned out on the fourteenth day. Then a new production schedule is issued and the 2-week cycle is repeated, etc. The goal is to estimate the mean throughput over a cycle.
(d) Consider an air freight company that provides overnight delivery of packages. Aircraft loaded with packages start arriving at the hub operations at approximately 11 P.M. The packages are unloaded and then sorted in a warehouse according to the destination Zip code. Packages with similar Zip codes are placed on one aircraft, and the last plane departs at approximately 5 A.M. It is desired to estimate the mean (across departing planes) amount of time that planes are late in departing.
(e) Consider a manufacturing system that operates in a similar manner 7 days a week. Suppose, however, that 6 machines operate during the first two shifts in each day, but only 4 machines operate during the third shift. Let N1, N2, … be the output process of interest, where Ni is the number of parts produced in the ith shift. We are interested in a measure of mean throughput. Does your answer depend on the relationship between the arrival rate and the service rate of an individual machine?
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