A cylindrical metal specimen 15.00 mm in diameter and 120 mm long is to be subjected to a tensile force of 15,000 N.
(a) If this metal must not experience any plastic deformation, which of aluminum, copper, brass, nickel, steel, and titanium (Table 6.2) are suitable candidates? Why?
(b) If, in addition, the specimen must elongate no more than 0.070 mm, which of the metals that satisfy the criterion in part (a) are suitable candidates? Why? Base your choices on data found in Table 6.1.
Table 6.2 Typical Mechanical Properties of Several Metals and Alloys in an Annealed State
Metal Alloy | Yield Strength, MPa (ksi) | Tensile Strength, MPa (ksi) | Ductility, %EL [in 50 mm (2 in.)] |
Aluminum | 35 (5) | 90 (13) | 40 |
Copper | 69 (10) | 200 (29) | 45 |
Brass (70Cu–30Zn) | 75 (11) | 300 (44) | 68 |
Iron | 130 (19) | 262 (38) | 45 |
Nickel | 138 (20) | 480 (70) | 40 |
Steel (1020) | 180 (26) | 380 (55) | 25 |
Titanium | 450 (65) | 520 (75) | 25 |
Molybdenum | 565 (82) | 655 (95) | 35 |
Table 6.1 Room-Temperature Elastic and Shear Moduli and Poisson’s Ratio for Various Metal Alloys
| Modulus of Elasticity |
|
| Shear Modulus |
|
Metal Alloy | GPa | 106 psi | GPa | 106 psi | Poisson’s Ratio |
Aluminum | 69 | 10 | 25 | 3.6 | 0.33 |
Brass | 97 | 14 | 37 | 5.4 | 0.34 |
Copper | 110 | 16 | 46 | 6.7 | 0.34 |
Magnesium | 45 | 6.5 | 17 | 2.5 | 0.29 |
Nickel | 207 | 30 | 76 | 11.0 | 0.31 |
Steel | 207 | 30 | 83 | 12.0 | 0.30 |
Titanium | 107 | 15.5 | 45 | 6.5 | 0.34 |
Tungsten | 407 | 59 | 160 | 23.2 | 0.28 |
5See, for example, W. F. Riley, L. D. Sturges, and D. H. Morris, Mechanics of Materials, 6th edition, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2006.
6The SI unit for the modulus of elasticity is gigapascal (GPa), where 1 GPa = 109 N/m2 = 103 MPa.
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