Energy Production in Glycolysis
REFLECT AND APPLY Does the reaction shown in Question occur in nature? If not, why not?
Question
REFLECT AND APPLY Using Table, predict whether the following reaction is thermodynamically possible:
Phosphoenolpyruvate + Pi + 2ADP → Pyruvate + 2ATP
Table
Step | Reaction | Enzyme | ΔG °’* | ΔG** | ||
kJ mol-1 | kcal mol-1 | kJ mol-1 | ||||
1 | Glucose + ATP → Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP | Hexokinase/Glucokinase | -16.7 | -4.0 | -33.9 | |
2 | Glucose-6-phosphate → Fructose-6-phosphate | Glucose phosphate isomerase | + 1.67 | +0.4 | -2.92 | |
3 | Fructose-6-phosphate + ATP → Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate + ADP | Phosphofructokinase | -14.2 | -3.4 | -18.8 | |
4 | Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate s Dihydroxyacetone phosphate + Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate | Aldolase | +23.9 | +5.7 | -0.23 | |
5 | Dihydroxyacetone phosphate → Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate | Triose phosphate isomerase | +7.56 | +1.8 | +2.41 | |
6 | 2(Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ + Pi → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH + H+) | Glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase | 2( + 6.20) | 2( + 1.5) | 2(-1.29) | |
7 | 2(1,3-61sphosphoglycerate + ADP → 3-Phosphoglycerate + ATP) | Phosphoglycerate kinase | 2(-18.8) | 2(-4.5) | 2(+0.1) | |
8 | 2(3-Phosphoglycerate → 2-Phosphoglycerate) | Phosphoglyceromutase | 2(+4.4) | 2(+1.1) | 2(+0.83) | |
9 | 2(2-Phosphoglycerate → Phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O) | Enolase | 2( + 1.8) | 2(+0.4) | 2(+1.1) | |
10 | 2(Phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP → Pyruvate + ATP) | Pyruvate kinase | 2(-31.4) | 2(-7.5) | 2(-23.0) | |
Overall | Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi + NAD+ → 2 Pyruvate → 2ATP + NADH + H+ 2(Pyruvate + NADH + H+ → Lactate + NAD+) Glucose + 2ADP + 2Pi → 2 Lactate + 2ATP | Lactate dehydrogenase | -73.3 2(-25.1) -123.5 | -17.5 2(-6.0) -29.5 | -98.0 2(-14.8) -127.6 |
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