The long bolt passes through the 30-mm-thick plate It the force in the bolt shank is 8 kN,...

The long bolt passes through the 30-mm-thick plate It the force in the bolt shank is 8 kN, determine the average noimal stress in the shank, the average shear stress along the cylindrical area of the plate defined by the section lines a-a: and the average shear stress in the bolt head along the cylindrical area defined by the section lines b-b.