Step-by-Step Solution
Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme, which mainly found at the neuromuscular junction, as well as in the chemical synapses. It catalyzes the acetylcholine breakdown, which functions as the neurotransmitters. It is also found responsible for terminating the action of acetylcholine so that it can terminate the nerve signal.
The hydrolysis of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase involves the amino acids triad, such as serine, glutamate, and histidine at the active site of the enzyme. Acetylcholinesterase is also a part of the serine hydrolase family, which involves two sites, including catalytic and anionic sites.
Acetylcholine binds to acetylcholinesterase where the quaternary nitrogen of acetylcholine binds to the anionic site. This helps the ester group to position itself in the catalytic site. This step is further followed by the nucleophilic attack by serine on ester unit, which results in acetylation of the serine residue followed by the hydrolysis.
The acetylated serine residue rapidly hydrolyses the regenerating enzyme. Neostigmine is described as the quaternary ammonium cholinesterase inhibitor. Clinically, it is used for treating the nondepolarizing muscle blockade. It is a covalent reversible inhibitor to enzyme acetylcholinesterase. It binds to the enzyme and gets hydrolyzed.
Here, the rate of hydrolysis is very slow as the carbamylated enzyme intermediate being more stable than the acetylated enzyme produced by the hydrolysis of acetylcholine. This is possibly caused due to the resonance between the carboxylate group and amine nitrogen as shown in the given figure:
Figure: Hydrolysis reaction of Neostigmine
Most questions answered within 3 hours.
-
Calculating the space time for parallel reactions. m-Xylene is reacted over a ZSM-5 zeolit...
-
Determine Vo and ID for the networks of Fig. 2.160.FIG. 2.160
-
The truck travels along a circular road that has a radius of 50 m at a speed of 4 m/s. F...
-
A state legislature enacted a statute that required any motorcycle operator or passenger...
-
A 1024 × 1024 8-bit image with 5.3 bits/pixel entropy [computed from its histogram using E...
-
In Problem 3.3, we estimated the equationwhere we now report standard errors along with th...
-
In each of the following cases, deduce the nature of the light that is consistent with the...
-
Solve Example 20.5 such that the x, y, z axes move with curvilinear translation, Ω = 0 in...
-
In Fig. 6.43, if i = cos 4t and v = sin 4t, the element is:(a)a resistor(b) a capacitor(c)...
-
Sketch vo for each network of Fig. 2.181 for the input shown.FIG. 2.181
-
(Supplement B) Computing and Reporting Cash Flow Effectsof Sale of Plant and EquipmentDuri...
-
A 350-mL spherical flask contains 0.075 mol of an ideal gas at a temperature of 293 K. Wha...