Refer to Figure 10.23. Assume the water depth above the surface of the filter media is 4 ft, the filter media is 2 ft deep, and the measured head loss as diagrammed in the dirty filter is 8 ft. This traditional flow-control system, by regulating the discharge from the under drain, was installed al a treatment plant where the influent was cold water transported in a pipeline from a mountain reservoir at a higher elevation. Being delivered under pressure, the influent contained dissolved gases released during processing by depressurization and warming of the water. The dissolved gases came out of solution under the negative piezometric head in the filter media and formed tiny bubbles. This “air binding” (Section 10.15) increased the head loss and, at the start of backwashing, disturbed the underdrain media by eruption of the accumulated gas bubbles. A plant expansion is being proposed. What change in design of the filtration system would you recommend to reduce the problem of air binding?
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