There are two families of enzymes having tungsten at their active sites: the formate dehydrogenase and aldehyde oxidoreductase families.
a. Using sketches, show how the coordination environment of W is different in these families. Which family is structurally similar to a molybdenum enzyme family?
b. What types of reactions are catalyzed by these enzymes?
c. Sometimes tungsten is considered an "old" element in the evolutionary context of its enzymes, in contrast to the "newer" molybdenum. Why? (See L. E. Bevers,P-L. Hagedoorn, and W. it Hagen, Coord. Chew. Rev., 2009, 253, 269; J. H. Enemark, J. J. A. Cooney, J.-J. Wang, and R. H. Holm, Chew. Rev., 2004, 104, 1175.)
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