Gold metal will dissolve only in aqua regia, a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid in a 3:1 volume ratio. The products of the reaction between gold and the concentrated acids are AuCl4–(aq), NO(g), and H2O.
(a) Write a balanced net ionic equation for the redox reaction, treating HCl and HNO3 as strong acids.
(b) What stoichiometric ratio of hydrochloric acid to nitric acid should be used?
(c) What volumes of 12 M HCl and 16 M HNO3 are required to furnish the Cl– and NO3– ions to react with 25.0 g of gold?
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