BIO SAFE EXPOSURE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC WVES. There have been many studies of the effects on humans of electromagnetic waves of various frequencies. Using these studies, the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) produced guidelines for limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields, with the goal of protecting against known adverse health effects. At frequencies of 1 Hz to 25 Hz, the maximum exposure level of electric-field amplitude Emax for the general public is 14 kV/m. (Different guidelines were created for people who have occupational exposure to radiation.) At frequencies of 25 Hz to 3 kHz, the corresponding Emax is 350/f V/m, where f is the frequency in kHz. (Source: “ICNIRP Statement on the ‘Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300 GHz)’,” 2009; Health Physics 97(3): 257–258.)
The ICNIRP also has guidelines for magnetic-field exposure for the general public. In the frequency range of 25 Hz to 3 kHz, this guideline states that the maximum allowed magnetic-field amplitude is 5/f T, where f is the frequency in kHz. Which is a more stringent limit on allowable electromagnetic-wave intensity in this frequency range: the electric-field guideline or the magnetic-field guideline? (a) The magnetic-field guideline, because at a given frequency the allowed magnetic field is smaller than the allowed electric field. (b) The electric field guideline, because at a given frequency the allowed intensity calculated from the electric-field guideline is smaller. (c) It depends on the particular frequency chosen (both guidelines are frequency dependent). (d) Neither—for any given frequency, the guidelines represent the same electromagnetic-wave intensity.
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