Define and give an example for each term.
(a) homolytic cleavage
(b) heterolytic cleavage
(c) free radical
(d) carbocation
(e) carbanion
(f) carbene
(g) reaction-energy diagram
(h) intermediate
(i) catalyst
(j) transition state
(k) rate equation
(l) equilibrium constant
(m) rate constant
(n) reaction mechanism
(o) chain reaction
(p) substitution reaction
(q) activation energy
(r) bond-dissociation enthalpy
(s) rate-limiting step
(t) Hammond postulate
(u) resonance stabilization
(v) exothermic reaction
(w) endothermic reaction
(x) free energy
(y) enthalpy
(z) entropy
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