A. This is an observation. Explanations for this conclusion are supported by numerous documents.
B. This is an inference. Numerous arguments are presented to support this conclusion, but specific data are not presented.
C. This is the best answer; it is an assumption. The research literature supports this conclusion, but it is not cited, nor are supporting arguments presented in this section of the chapter.
D. This is an observation. Research findings are presented to support the statement.
E. This is an inference. The statement is supported with explanations, but no data.