Question

Each of the following structures is invalid. Identify the error in each case.  

octet-rule violation  wrong electron total

Answer 1

Concepts and Reason

The concept used here is octet rule. According to octet rule, there should be eight electrons in the outermost shell or the valence shell of electrons. The electron total should be equal to the valency of atoms.

Fundamentals

A chemical bond is formed when the electrons are attracted between atoms and it enables the formation of chemical compounds. A chemical bond can involve sharing of electron, loss or gain of electrons, or attraction between opposite charges.

The structure is as follows:

In this structure, the total number of electrons is incorrect. There should be double bond in order to make this structure correct.

The structure is as follows:

In the given structure, the error is the violation of octet rule. Octet rule is not followed in this structure and this makes the structure incorrect.

The structure is as follows:

In this structure, the total number of electrons is incorrect. Fluorine should have $7$ valence electrons in its outermost shell.

The structure is as follows:

In this structure, the error is the violation of octet rule. Octet rule is not followed in this structure and this makes the structure incorrect.

Ans:

The error in the given structure is the wrong total of electrons.