Question

192.168.0.128 to 192.168.1.128 routing paths

there are different addresses given which is 

192.168.0.0/24

10.1.0.0/16

192.168.1.0/26

172.16.100.0/24

10.2.1.0/16

192.168.1.64/26

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Answer #1

The source location:

the network with 192.168.0.0/24 has subnet mask 255.255.255.0, as /24 indicates that 24 bits of the IP are network id. Therefore subnet mask should have 24,1s, .which means 32-24=8 bits are left out for host ids(256 hosts, 254 usable hosts IP). Therefore 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.0.255 IP addresses are present in this network. (upper left cloud),thus the source IP 192.168.0.128 is in this network.-192.168.0.0 / 24

The destination's location:

there are two subnetworks for the network 192.168.1.x. In the given diagram, the subnet mask is /26, i.e., 32-26=6 bits are left for host id. Therefore 2^6 =64 hosts will be available in each subnet. Thus 192.168.1.0/26 network has 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.63 IP addresses in it, and the network 192.168.1.64/26 network has got 192.168.1.64 to 192.168.127 IP addresses in it, but nowhere else we find the IP 192.168.1.128 in any network given in the diagram. Thus we can conclude Destination is not available.

Routing path,
the source host present in the network 192.168.0.0/24 will send its request to the connected router, upper left cloud network's router, and the router, after ANDing the destination IP with the available subnet masks it has, will not get the corresponding network address. Thus an ICMP message is sent back to the source that host unavailable & packet is dropped

Note:

This network you have shown has all private IPs. Thus, it is a LAN that is not connected with the outside world via the internet, now practically what happens in conventional networks(connected to the web ) is, a default path is configured in every router, which is used when the path to the destination is unknown, it is forwarded in default path (interface ) to some specific next router, it is done because there is generally only one path towards the internet starting from your home machine  after 2 or maximum 3 hops starting from someone's home or office machine

there is no configured default path, and if path info about the destination's IP is not found, then it is just dropped; no further default route is used; this happens when the packet reaches some BGP router.  


answered by: gavin
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