Question

On December 1, Year 1, John and Patty Driver formed a corporation called Susquehanna Equipment Rentals. The new corporation was able to begin operations immediately by purchasing the assets and taking over the location of Rent-It, an equipment rental company that was going out of business. The newly formed company uses the following accounts.

Cash	Capital Stock
Accounts Receivable	Retained Earnings
Prepaid Rent	Dividends
Unexpired Insurance	Income Summary
Office Supplies	Rental Fees Earned
Rental Equipment	Salaries Expense
Accumulated Depreciation: Rental Equipment	Maintenance Expense
Notes Payable	Utilities Expense
Accounts Payable	Rent Expense
Interest Payable	Office Supplies Expense
Salaries Payable	Depreciation Expense
Dividends Payable	Interest Expense
Unearned Rental Fees	Income Taxes Expense
Income Taxes Payable

The corporation performs adjusting entries monthly. Closing entries are performed annually on December 31. During December, the corporation entered into the following transactions.

Dec.	1		Issued to John and Patty Driver 27,000 shares of capital stock in exchange for a total of $270,000 cash.
Dec.	1		Purchased for $278,400 all of the equipment formerly owned by Rent-It. Paid $130,000 cash and issued a 1-year note payable for $148,400. The note, plus all 12 months of accrued interest, are due November 30, Year 2.
Dec.	1		Paid $9,300 to Shapiro Realty as three months’ advance rent on the rental yard and office formerly occupied by Rent-It.
Dec.	4		Purchased office supplies on account from Modern Office Co., $2,000. Payment due in 30 days. (These supplies are expected to last for several months; debit the Office Supplies asset account.)
Dec.	8		Received $8,600 cash as advance payment on equipment rental from McNamer Construction Company. (Credit Unearned Rental Fees.)
Dec.	12		Paid salaries for the first two weeks in December, $5,000.
Dec.	15		Excluding the McNamer advance, equipment rental fees earned during the first 15 days of December amounted to $18,300, of which $12,400 was received in cash.
Dec.	17		Purchased on account from Earth Movers, Inc., $800 in parts needed to repair a rental tractor. (Debit an expense account.) Payment is due in 10 days.
Dec.	23		Collected $2,100 of the accounts receivable recorded on December 15.
Dec.	26		Rented a backhoe to Mission Landscaping at a price of $330 per day, to be paid when the backhoe is returned. Mission Landscaping expects to keep the backhoe for about two or three weeks.
Dec.	26		Paid biweekly salaries, $5,000.
Dec.	27		Paid the account payable to Earth Movers, Inc., $800.
Dec.	28		Declared a dividend of 10 cents per share, payable on January 15, Year 2.
Dec.	29		Susquehanna Equipment Rentals was named, along with Mission Landscaping and Collier Construction, as a co-defendant in a $28,000 lawsuit filed on behalf of Kevin Davenport. Mission Landscaping had left the rented backhoe in a fenced construction site owned by Collier Construction. After working hours on December 26, Davenport had climbed the fence to play on parked construction equipment. While playing on the backhoe, he fell and broke his arm. The extent of the company’s legal and financial responsibility for this accident, if any, cannot be determined at this time. (Note: This event does not require a journal entry at this time, but may require disclosure in notes accompanying the statements.)
Dec.	29		Purchased a 12-month public liability insurance policy for $8,640. This policy protects the company against liability for injuries and property damage caused by its equipment. However, the policy goes into effect on January 1, Year 2, and affords no coverage for the injuries sustained by Kevin Davenport on December 26.
Dec.	31		Received a bill from Universal Utilities for the month of December, $650. Payment is due in 30 days.
Dec.	31		Equipment rental fees earned during the second half of December amounted to $20,600, of which $15,900 was received in cash.

Data for Adjusting Entries

1. The advance payment of rent on December 1 covered a period of three months.

2. The annual interest rate on the note payable to Rent-It is 6 percent.

3. The rental equipment is being depreciated by the straight-line method over a period of eight years.

4. Office supplies on hand at December 31 are estimated at $640.

5. During December, the company earned $4,000 of the rental fees paid in advance by McNamer Construction Company on December 8.

6. As of December 31, six days’ rent on the backhoe rented to Mission Landscaping on December 26 has been earned.

7. Salaries earned by employees since the last payroll date (December 26) amounted to $1,400 at month-end.

8. It is estimated that the company is subject to a combined federal and state income tax rate of 40 percent of income before income taxes (total revenue minus all expenses other than income taxes). These taxes will be payable in Year 2.

My question: 1-c. Prepare closing entries and post to ledger accounts.

Answer 1

Date	Particulars	Debit	Credit
Dec-01	Cash A/c Dr.	$270,000.00
	To Capital Stock A/c		$270,000.00
Dec-01	Rental Equipment A/c Dr.	$278,400.00
	To Cash A/c		$130,000.00
	To Notes Payable		$148,400.00
Dec-01	Prepaid Rent A/c Dr.	$9,300.00
	To Cash A/c		$9,300.00
Dec-04	Office Supplies Asset A/c Dr.	$2,000.00
	To Accounts Payable A/c		$2,000.00
Dec-08	Cash A/c Dr.	$8,600.00
	To Unearned Rental Fees A/c		$8,600.00
Dec-12	Salaries Expense A/c	$5,000.00
	To Cash A/c		$5,000.00
Dec-15	Cash A/c Dr.	$12,400.00
	Accounts Receivable A/c Dr.	$5,900.00
	To Rental Fees Earned		$18,300.00
Dec-17	Maintenance Expense A/c Dr.	$800.00
	To Accounts Payable		$800.00
Dec-23	Cash A/c Dr.	$2,100.00
	To Accounts Receivable		$2,100.00
Dec-26	(No entry is required for rental of blackhoe)
Dec-26	Salaries Expense A/c Dr	$5,000.00
	To Cash A/c		$5,000.00
Dec-27	Accounts Payable A/c Dr.	$800.00
	To Cash A/c		$800.00
Dec-28	Dividend A/c Dr.	$2,700.00
	To Dividend Payable A/c		$2,700.00
Dec-28	Retained Earnings A/c Dr.	$2,700.00
	To Dividend A/c		$2,700.00
Dec-29	No entry is required as this is a contingent liability
Dec-29	Unexpired Insurance A/c Dr.	$8,640.00
	To Cash A/c		$8,640.00
Dec-31	Utilities Expense A/c Dr.	$650.00
	To Accounts Payable		$650.00
Dec-31	Cash A/c Dr	$15,900.00
	Accounts Receivable A/c Dr.	$4,700.00
	To Rental Fees Earned		$20,600.00
Adjustment Entries:
Date	Particulars	Debit	Credit
Dec-31	Prepaid Rent A/c Dr.	$3,100.00
	To Rent Expense A/c		$3,100.00
	(To recognize rent expense of December [$9300/3])
Dec-31	Interest Expense A/c Dr.	$742.00
	To Interest Payable		$742.00
Dec-31	Depreciation Expense A/c Dr.	$2,900.00
	To Accumulated Depreciation: Rental Equipment		$2,900.00
Dec-31	Office Supplies Expense A/c Dr	$1,360.00
	To Office Supplies A/c		$1,360.00
Dec-31	Unearned Rental Fees A/c Dr.	$4,000.00
	To Rental Fees Earned		$4,000.00
Dec-31	Accounts Receivable A/c Dr.	$1,980.00
	To Rental Fees Earned		$1,980.00
Dec-31	Salaries Expense A/c Dr.	$1,400.00
	To Salaries Payable		$1,400.00
Dec-31	Income Tax A/c Dr.	$9,571.20
	To Income Tax Payable		$9,571.20

Income statement
Rental fees earned (18300+20600+4000+1980)		$44,880.00
Less: Expenses
Salaries expenses (5000+5000+1400)	$11,400.00
Utilities expenses	$650.00
Rent Expenses	$3,100.00
Depreciation expenses	$2,900.00
Maitenance Expenses	$800.00
office supplies expenses	$1,360.00
Total operating expenses		$20,210.00
Net operating income		$24,670.00
Interest expenses		$742.00
		$23,928.00
Income tax expense (40%)		$9,571.20
Net Income		$14,356.80