Question

ood Specimens and Tes 2

identify the type of fluid that comes from each numered area of the body sections illustrated below.

Answer 1

Body fluids are secreted and produced as a result of food we consumed and by drinking water. The types of body fluids are blood,mucus,urine,semen from male reproductive system,vaginal secretions,aqueous humor found in the anterior chamber of eyes,vitreous humor,bile.

Pericardial fluid a kind of serous fluid that is present between the layers of pericardium.The heart is covered with fluid filled sac named as pericardium. The important functions of pericardium is to protect the heat located within the thoracic cage,reduces friction rub between heart and its adjacent structures. It also protects heart against infection. Pericardium consists of three layers namely : fibrous pericardium,parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium. Pericardial fluid ranges from 50 ml.It is elevated in certain conditions like pericardial effusion. It helps to prevent friction within the pericardium by lubricating the membrane. Pericardial fluid rises incase of certain inflammatory and infections of pericardial layer like pericarditis, pericardial effusion,pericardial adhesions.

Gastric juice is present inside the abdomen. It is important to aid digestion and is mainly composed of hydrochloric acid. It is secreted by the oxyntic parietal cells of the stomach. Normally 1.5 lts of gastric fluid is secreted daily in an healthy adult. There are three phases of gastric secretion : Cephalic phase , Gastric phase, Intestinal phase. Elevated gastric juice results in peptic ulcer disease if left untreated leads to peritonitis and cancer.

Synovial fluid is find within the knee joints. It acts as medium to prevent frictional rub between the knee joint. Synovial fluid rises in inflammatory conditions of knee like synovitis,rheumatoid arthritis,gout,septic arthritis. Excess fluid can be aspirated using arthocentesis.