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Annette James (A. J.) is an obese 31-year-old woman who comes into the primary care center...

Annette James (A. J.) is an obese 31-year-old woman who comes into the primary care center with complaints of frequency, urgency, burning on urination, and lower abdominal pain rated as 4 on a 0-to-10 scale. Her vital signs are T 38.8° C (101.9° F), P 106 and regular, R18 and unlabored, and BP 140/85. Significant assessment findings include a history of multiple and frequent bladder infections, occasional spotting between periods, right ovarian cyst removal 2 years ago, multiple sexual encounters with her partner in the past 3 weeks, and suprapubic tenderness on palpation. Based on diagnostic test results, A. J. is prescribed an antibiotic, nitrofurantoin (100 mg PO q 6 h), and the urinary tract analgesic phenazopyridine (2 tablets PO q 8 h PRN) for a bladder infection and told to return to the clinic in a month for a follow-up appointment. Please answer the following questions regarding the Case Study.

Question 1:

Identify three assessment questions that the nurse should ask A. J. to further investigate her chief complaint.

Question 2:

What diagnostic studies are most likely to be performed in evaluating A. J.? Give the rationale for each study.

Question 3:

List a minimum of three topics that the nurse should discuss with A. J. before discharging her from the clinic. Include content that the nurse should cover under each topic.

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Answer #1

Answer 1

  • The quantity, color ,odour,appearance of the urine to rule out infection in it (pus or white patches can be seen in case of infection, redness can indicate hematuria)
  • Pain during intercoitus ,because pain can occur if patient has any problem associated with reproductive system like pelvic inflammatory disease.
  • Presence of any luekorrhea to rule uterine infection
  • Pain radiating to loin or flank to assess the problem with renal system
  • Assess for pregnancy because nitofurentoin is contraindicated in this case
  • Any medical condition like diabetes present C difficile infection can be aggravated if nitrofurantoin is administered
  • Assess the fluid intake of patient, lack of this can contribute to UTI
  • Perineal hygiene can be assessed to know the overall status

Answer 2

The diagnostic test required for the patient are

  • Urine analysis to determine the presence of white blood cells are an sign of infection
  • Urine culture to assess the growth of any organism
  • Ultra sound of the renal system to assess the nature of the bladder , ureter and kidney
  • CT scan if other methods fail
  • Complete blood count to rule out infection

Answer 3

The following topics should be included

  • Fluid intake
    • Adequate fluid has to be taken to flush out the toxins generated in the body .A minimum of 8 glasses of water a day to stay hydrated prevent UTI
    • Avoid alcohol and coffee
  • Safe sex
    • Encourage to use condoms, perineal hygiene after intercourse
    • Screening for STD
    • Avoid using unnecessary aides like
  • Medication
    • Complete the antibiotic course as order ,non adherence can aggregate the symptoms when it comes back
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