how do we get different outcomes in the short-run and long-run in the perfectly competitive market of agriculture?
This is because of free entry and exit of firms in the short run and long run.
When there are positive economic profits in the short run, many new firms start entering the market to make profits and thus as a result of entering the market increase the supply and end up bringing down the profits to 0.
Similarly, in case of negative economic profits in short run, firms exit the market because of losses, which ends up reducing the supply curve and this leads to an increase in price and profits coming to 0 from negative.
how do we get different outcomes in the short-run and long-run in the perfectly competitive market...
6. Short-run perfectly competitive equilibrium Consider a perfectly competitive market for wheat in Philadelphia. There are 80 firms in the industry, each of which has the cost curves shown on the following graph: MC ATC COST (Cents per bushel) AVC 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Demand Supply Curve Equilibrium PRICE (Cents per bushel) 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200 3600 4000 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Thousands of bushels) in the short run....
Assume that the perfectly competitive market for ethanol is in long-run equilibrium. Now suppose that the price of gasoline, a substitute for ethanol, increases. Explain what will happen in the market for ethanol. 1) Describe how this change will affect short-run economic profits. 2) What will happen to the number of firms producing ethanol in the long run? 3) How will price and output in this industry adjust in the long run?
In the short-run, a firm in a perfectly competitive market is making a loss. Describe how the firm should decide if it should continue production or stop production.
5. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for steel. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. COSTS (Dollars per ton) + MC D AVC 0 10 90 100 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons) The following diagram shows the...
3. Suppose the market for rolled oats is perfectly competitive and is in a long-run equilibrium. For the following. be sure to carefully label your graphs and use subscripts as we have done in class! You can give your answers for each part on the same graphs. a. Draw the graphs below that illustrate the market and a representative firm in the initial long-run equilibrium (use the subscript 1 to denote each curve). What profits is the representative firm earning?...
8. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for copper. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average total cost (ATC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph. ATC COSTS (Dollars per pound) AVC MC D 0 Ft 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Thousands of pounds) 30 The...
The perfectly competitive firm and market in the short run Consider a perfectly competitive market where demand is QD = 2,000 - 40P and quantity is measured in units while price is measured in dollars per unit. The long run supply is QS = 100P - 800. a) Find the equilibrium price and the equilibrium quantity. b) When the market is in equilibrium, what is the total expenditure in this market? c) When the market is in equilibrium, what is...
In the long run, a firm in a perfectly competitive market earns zero economic profit, so the opportunity in the short run to enjoy positive economic profits will cause existing firms to increase output and new firms to enter the market.
cardboard boxes are produced in a perfectly competitive market. each identical firm has a short run total cost curve of TC= 3Q^3 - 12Q^2 +16Q + 100, where Q is measured in thousands of boxes per week. calculate the output for the price below which a firm in the market will not produce any output in the short run. ( i.e., the output for the shut down price) a 2^1/2 b. 2 c. 1/2 d. 1/square root of 2 2)...
Attempts: Keep the Highest: /4 7. Short-run supply and long-run equilibrium Consider the perfectly competitive market for copper. Assume that, regardless of how many firms are in the industry, every firm in the industry is identical and faces the marginal cost (MC), average cost (AC), and average variable cost (AVC) curves shown on the following graph 100 60 AVC 0 10 20 3040 50 60 800100 Use the orange points (square symbol) to plot the initial short-run industry supply curve...