Question

2. The Health Promotion nurse at a state university plans a series of educational programs focusing on female reproductive health issues for incoming first-year female students. Because cervical cancer is the third most common female reproductive cancer and affects over 10,000 women annually in the United States, the nurse has planned the first session to focus on cervical cancer screening and prevention. (Learning Objective 6) a nfmatonshubout Pap smcans? b. What clinical manifestations should the nurse include about cervical cancer? c. The nurse discusses other diagnostic tests used to diagnose/stage cervical cancer. What information should she include in this portion of the educational program?

Answer 1

ANSWER

a. Assessment finding which support pneumonia include,

                  * Fever

                  * Tachypnea.

                  * Tachycardia.

                  * Past history of cigarette smoking.

                  * Fatigue and difficult to talk due to dyspnea.

                * Diminished breath sounds in the lower right lower lobe.

                  * Absence of breath sounds at the base.

                  * Bluish discolouration or cyanosis of lips and nail beds.

                  * Decreased oxygen saturation.

                  * Cough and use of accessory muscles for breathing.

b. Diagnostic findings which support pneumonia.

                * Chest x-ray shows right lower lobe consolidation,apical bullae

                   flattened diaphragm and small pleural effusion.

                 * ABG shows slightly elevated WBC count and low arterial oxygen level.

c. Nursing diagnoses for this patient.

                * Ineffective airway clearance related to presence of tracheobronchial

                  secretions.

               * Activity intolerance related to impaired respiratory function.

               * Anxiety related to disease condition

               * Risk of deficient fluid volume related to fever and tachypnea.

d.Nursing goals develop for this patient.

               * Improve the airway patency of the patient.

               * Maintain the activity level of the patient.

               * Reduce the anxiety level of the patient.

               * Maintenance of proper fluid voume.

e.Nursing interventions for this patient.

            * Measures Improve the airway patency.

                     * Provide humidified air using high humidity face mask.

                     * Give chest physiotherapy to loosen and remove secretions.

                     * Give incentive spirometry to enhance airway patency.

                     * Nasotracheal suctioning if needed to clear airway.

                     * Monitor effectiveness of oxygen therapy.

                     * Encourage fluid intake to loosen secretions.

            * Measures to maintain the activity level.

                     * Provide adequate rest to conserve energy.

                     * Place he patient in comfortable position like semi-fowlers

                        to promote breathing.

                      * Changing of postions frequently to remove secretions and

                         maintain ventillation and perfusion.

            * Measures to reduce the anxiety level.

                     * Maintain good therapeutic communication with the patient

                       to reduce anxiety.

                     * Provide a peaceful environment to reduce stress level.

                     * Allow participation of family members in patient care to enhance

                       comfort level of the patient.

                     * Provide psychological support during treatment.

          * Maintainance of proper fluid volume.

                    * Assess the intake output level of the patient to measure fluid

                      deficit.

                    * Promote intake of fluids orally and give through IV if

                      needed.

                    * Oxygen therapy and antibiotic treatment for pneumonia for

                      effective management of disease and maintain fluid volume.