Question

Acetanilide, which has a molar mass of 135.17 g/mol, can be nitrated to nitroacetanilide, which has a molar mass of 180.16 g/mol, by the addition of nitric acid.

What is the theoretical yield (in g) of the mononitrated product, nitroacetanilide, from 0.499 g of acetanilide?

Answer 1

Nitration of acetanilide:

Nitration of one mol acetanilide gives one mol nitroacetanilide,

Acetanilide   +    Conc. HNO3 ------>      Nitroacetanilide +     H2O

1 mol                                                                1 mol

135.17 g / mol                                                 180.16 g / mol

135.17 g acetanilide gives 180.16 g nitroacatanilide, where as 0.499 g of acetanilide gives x g nitroacetanilide

x = (0.499 * 180.16) / (135.17)

x = 0.655 g

Theoretical yield of nitroacetanilide = 0.655 grams