Question

41. Which of the following has been identified as a contributing risk factor for hypertension that can't be modified? a. Obesity c. Genetics b. BMI > 30 d. Alcoholism 42. Dietary guidelines for the management of hypertension emphasize a. avoidance of calcium-rich foods. c.6 . wine per day. b. a diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables. d avoidance of starchy foods. 43. All of the following are functions of the kidneys except a helping to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. b. activating vitamin A. c. eliminating metabolic waste products. d. helping to regulate blood pressure. 44. The kidneys activate a. vitamin A c. Vitamin K b. vitamin B. d. Vitamin D. 45. What hormone secreted by the kidneys stimulates the production of red blood cells? a. Erythropoietin c. Aldosterone b. Renin d. Vasopressin 46. The removal of excess fluids and wastes from the blood using the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane is called a dialysis. c. peritoneal dialysis. b. hemodialysis. d. none of the above 47. Which of the following is an example of a food containing high-quality protein? a. Gelatin c. Peanut butter b. Dried beans d. Fish 48. Ben Stevens has begun dialysis. After meeting with his dietitian, he understands that his daily protein intake should: a be restricted (0.6-0.8 g/kg). b. be liberalized (1.2 g/kg). c. remain the same as it was prior to renal disease (0.8-1.0 g/kg). d. be increased (1.4-1.5 g/kg). 49. Daily intake of protein in cancer patients with cachexia should be g/kg a 0.8-1.0 c. 1.2-1.5 b. 1.0-1.2 d. 1.5-2.0 50. What is a primary objective of nutrition therapy for HIV? a. Provision of micronutrient supplements b. Maintenance of lean body mass c. Reducing risk of hypolipidemia d. a and c. All of the above

Answer 1

Ans) 41) c. Genetics

Explaination:

- Family history:

Risk for developing heart disease increases if you have a relative who developed heart disease early, before age 55. If your parents developed heart disease later in life, it may be age-related rather than genetic. While you cannot change your genes, it is important to know your family medical history and share it with your doctor.

42) b. A diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables

Explaination:

- The DASH diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy foods; includes meat, fish, poultry, nuts, and beans; and is limited in sugar-sweetened foods and beverages, red meat, and added fats.

43) b. activating vitamin D

Explaination:

- The kidneys perform many crucial functions, including:
• maintaining overall fluid balance.
• regulating and filtering minerals from blood.
• filtering waste materials from food, medications, and toxic substances.
• creating hormones that help produce red blood cells, promote bone health, and regulate blood pressure.

- Healthy kidneys are rich with vitamin D receptors and play a major role in turning vitamin D into its active form. This helps balance calcium and phosphorus in your body by controlling absorption of these minerals from the food you eat and regulates parathyroid hormone.

44) d. Vitamin D

Explaination:

- Healthy kidneys are rich with vitamin D receptors and play a major role in turning vitamin D into its active form. This helps balance calcium and phosphorus in your body by controlling absorption of these minerals from the food you eat and regulates parathyroid hormone.