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(25 pts) The Euclidean norm of a d dimensional vector x, is defined as lxla -...
The Euclidean norm of an n-dimensional vector is defined by Implement a robust routine for computing...
The Euclidean norm of an n-dimensional vector is defined by Implement a robust routine for computing this quantity for any given input vector I. Your routine should avoid overflow and harmful underflow. Compare both the accuracy and performance of your robust routine with a more straightforward naive implementation. Can you devise a vector that produces significantly different results from the two routines? How much performance does the robust routine sacrifice?
Let V be a finite dimensional vector space over R with an inner product 〈x, y〉 ∈ R for x, y ∈ V . (a) (3points) Let λ∈...
Let V be a finite dimensional vector space over R with an inner product 〈x, y〉 ∈ R for x, y ∈ V . (a) (3points) Let λ∈R with λ>0. Show that 〈x,y〉′ = λ〈x,y〉, for x,y ∈ V, (b) (2 points) Let T : V → V be a linear operator, such that 〈T(x),T(y)〉 = 〈x,y〉, for all x,y ∈ V. Show that T is one-to-one. (c) (2 points) Recall that the norm of a vector x ∈ V...
Suppose X is a random vector, where X = (X(1), . . . , x(d))T , d with mean 0 and covariance matr...
Suppose X is a random vector, where X = (X(1), . . . , x(d))T , d with mean 0 and covariance matrix vv1 , for some vector v ER 1point possible (graded) Let v = . (i.e., v is the normalized version of v). What is the variance of v X? (If applicable, enter trans(v) for the transpose v of v, and normv) for the norm |vll of a vector v.) Var (V STANDARD NOTATION SubmitYou have used 0...
8. More generally, let X be any infinite-dimensional vector space equipped with an inner product ,)...
8. More generally, let X be any infinite-dimensional vector space equipped with an inner product ,) in such a way that the induced metric is complete. In particular, there is a norm on X defined by and the metric is given by d(r, y) yl Let A denote the unit ball A x E X < 1} We know that A is closed and bounded essentially from the definitions. Show that A is not compact. (Hint: Construct a sequence xn...
Problem 2 (Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors). (a) If R2 4 R2 be defined by f(x,y) (y,x), then find al...
Problem 2 (Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors). (a) If R2 4 R2 be defined by f(x,y) (y,x), then find all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of f Hint: Use the matrix representation. (b) Let U be a vector subspace (U o, V) of a finite dimensional vector space V. Show that there exists a linear transformation V V such that U is not an invariant subspace of f Hence, or otherwise, show that: a vector subspace U-0 or U = V, if and...
5. (d) only Problem 4. Let ge,(R) Palarmult plication, and:mer-KS2-beeR} be the vector space of 2...
5. (d) only Problem 4. Let ge,(R) Palarmult plication, and:mer-KS2-beeR} be the vector space of 2 x 2 square matrices with usual matrix addition and State the incorrect statement from the following five: 1. W is a subspace of GE2(R) with basis: of (10 (0 1 (0 0 1-1 0) o 1 2. W Ker f, where GLa(R) 4 R is the linear transformation defined by 3. Given the basis B in option 1., coordB((-2 4. gL2(R) W+V, where: 3(22)...
Problem 5. Given vi,v2,... ,Vm R", let RRm be defined by f(x)-x, v1), x, v2), (x, Vm where (x' y)...
Problem 5. Given vi,v2,... ,Vm R", let RRm be defined by f(x)-x, v1), x, v2), (x, Vm where (x' y) is the standard inner product of Rn Which of the following statement is incorrect? 1. Taking the standard bases Un on R": codomain: MatUn→Un(f)-(v1 2. Taking the standard bases Un on R: codomain: v2 vm) Matf)- 3. f is a linear transformation. 4. Kerf- x E Rn : Vx = 0 , where: Problem 8. Which of the following statements...
2. Discrete Fourier Transform.(/25) 1. N-th roots of unity are defined as solutions to the equation:...
2. Discrete Fourier Transform.(/25) 1. N-th roots of unity are defined as solutions to the equation: w = 1. There are exactly N distinct N-th roots of unity. Let w be a primitive root of unity, for example w = exp(2 i/N). Show the following: N, if N divides m k=0 10, otherwise N -1 N wmk 2. Fix and integer N > 2. Let f = (f(0), ..., f(N − 1)) a vector (func- tion) f : [N] →...
Problem 3. Let D be the vector space of all differentiable function R wth the usual pointwise add...
Problem 3. Let D be the vector space of all differentiable function R wth the usual pointwise addition and scalar multiplication of functions. In other words, for f, g E D and λ E R the function R defined by: (f +Ag) ()-f(r) +Ag(x) Let R be four functions defined by: s(x)-: sin 11 c(r) : cosz, co(z)--cos(z + θ), and so(r) sin(z + θ), and Wspanls, c Which of the following statements are true: (a) For each fixed θ...
8.4 The Two-Dimensional Central-Force Problem The 2D harmonic oscillator is a 2D central force pr...
8.4 The Two-Dimensional Central-Force Problem The 2D harmonic oscillator is a 2D central force problem (as discussed in TZD Many physical systems involve a particle that moves under the influence of a central force; that is, a force that always points exactly toward, or away from, a force center O. In classical mechanics a famous example of a central force is the force of the sun on a planet. In atomic physics the most obvious example is the hydrogen atom,...
The Euclidean norm of an n-dimensional vector is defined by Implement a robust routine for computing this quantity for any given input vector I. Your routine should avoid overflow and harmful underflow. Compare both the accuracy and performance of your robust routine with a more straightforward naive implementation. Can you devise a vector that produces significantly different results from the two routines? How much performance does the robust routine sacrifice?
Suppose X is a random vector, where X = (X(1), . . . , x(d))T , d with mean 0 and covariance matrix vv1 , for some vector v ER 1point possible (graded) Let v = . (i.e., v is the normalized version of v). What is the variance of v X? (If applicable, enter trans(v) for the transpose v of v, and normv) for the norm |vll of a vector v.) Var (V STANDARD NOTATION SubmitYou have used 0...
8. More generally, let X be any infinite-dimensional vector space equipped with an inner product ,) in such a way that the induced metric is complete. In particular, there is a norm on X defined by and the metric is given by d(r, y) yl Let A denote the unit ball A x E X < 1} We know that A is closed and bounded essentially from the definitions. Show that A is not compact. (Hint: Construct a sequence xn...
Problem 2 (Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors). (a) If R2 4 R2 be defined by f(x,y) (y,x), then find all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of f Hint: Use the matrix representation. (b) Let U be a vector subspace (U o, V) of a finite dimensional vector space V. Show that there exists a linear transformation V V such that U is not an invariant subspace of f Hence, or otherwise, show that: a vector subspace U-0 or U = V, if and...
5. (d) only Problem 4. Let ge,(R) Palarmult plication, and:mer-KS2-beeR} be the vector space of 2 x 2 square matrices with usual matrix addition and State the incorrect statement from the following five: 1. W is a subspace of GE2(R) with basis: of (10 (0 1 (0 0 1-1 0) o 1 2. W Ker f, where GLa(R) 4 R is the linear transformation defined by 3. Given the basis B in option 1., coordB((-2 4. gL2(R) W+V, where: 3(22)...
Problem 5. Given vi,v2,... ,Vm R", let RRm be defined by f(x)-x, v1), x, v2), (x, Vm where (x' y) is the standard inner product of Rn Which of the following statement is incorrect? 1. Taking the standard bases Un on R": codomain: MatUn→Un(f)-(v1 2. Taking the standard bases Un on R: codomain: v2 vm) Matf)- 3. f is a linear transformation. 4. Kerf- x E Rn : Vx = 0 , where: Problem 8. Which of the following statements...
2. Discrete Fourier Transform.(/25) 1. N-th roots of unity are defined as solutions to the equation: w = 1. There are exactly N distinct N-th roots of unity. Let w be a primitive root of unity, for example w = exp(2 i/N). Show the following: N, if N divides m k=0 10, otherwise N -1 N wmk 2. Fix and integer N > 2. Let f = (f(0), ..., f(N − 1)) a vector (func- tion) f : [N] →...
Problem 3. Let D be the vector space of all differentiable function R wth the usual pointwise addition and scalar multiplication of functions. In other words, for f, g E D and λ E R the function R defined by: (f +Ag) ()-f(r) +Ag(x) Let R be four functions defined by: s(x)-: sin 11 c(r) : cosz, co(z)--cos(z + θ), and so(r) sin(z + θ), and Wspanls, c Which of the following statements are true: (a) For each fixed θ...
8.4 The Two-Dimensional Central-Force Problem The 2D harmonic oscillator is a 2D central force problem (as discussed in TZD Many physical systems involve a particle that moves under the influence of a central force; that is, a force that always points exactly toward, or away from, a force center O. In classical mechanics a famous example of a central force is the force of the sun on a planet. In atomic physics the most obvious example is the hydrogen atom,...
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